Question:

v=spf1 mx a include:zoho.com include:_spf.google.com include:servers.mcsv.net include:outbound.smtp.wisestamp.net ~all

“`”

Answer:

The SPF record in question is as follows:

“`

v=spf1 mx a include:zoho.com include:_spf.google.com include:servers.mcsv.net include:outbound.smtp.wisestamp.net ~all

“`

This record includes several `include` statements, each of which counts as a separate DNS lookup. The SPF specification allows for up to 10 DNS lookups, and exceeding this limit can lead to validation issues, potentially affecting email deliverability.

Strategies for Reduction:

1.

Consolidate Providers

: If multiple `include` statements are for different services from the same provider, check if the provider offers a consolidated SPF record that covers all their services.

2.

Remove Redundant Entries

: Ensure that there are no unnecessary or redundant entries. For example, if `a` and `mx` cover all servers that send mail, specific `include` statements might be redundant.

3.

Use IP Addresses

: If certain sends are always from the same IP address or range, specify them directly using `ip4` or `ip6` mechanisms instead of `include`.

4.

Evaluate `include` Statements

: Review each `include` statement to determine its necessity. If certain included domains are not used for sending emails, they can be removed.

5.

Flatten the SPF Record

: Some services offer an SPF flattening tool that converts `include` statements into their corresponding IP addresses, reducing the number of lookups.

6.

Dynamic SPF Services

: Consider using a dynamic SPF service that automatically optimizes and updates your SPF record to stay within the lookup limit.

Implementing Changes:

Before making any changes, it’s crucial to have a complete understanding of all the email services used by your domain to avoid accidentally blocking legitimate email traffic. After optimizing the SPF record, use an SPF validation tool to ensure that it passes validation and does not exceed the DNS lookup limit.

By carefully analyzing and optimizing the SPF record, you can maintain robust email security while ensuring that your legitimate emails reach their intended recipients without being marked as spam. It’s a delicate balance that requires ongoing management, but with the right approach, you can achieve both security and deliverability.